SI.5
The student will
demonstrate knowledge of the factors that shaped colonial
America by
-
a) describing the
religious and economic events and conditions that led to the
colonization of America;
-
b) comparing and
contrasting life in the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and
Southern colonies, with emphasis on how people interacted with
their environment;
-
c) describing
colonial life in America from the perspectives of large
landowners, farmers, artisans, women, indentured servants, and
slaves;
-
d) identifying the
political and economic relationships between the colonies and
England
|
|
Colony |
Why
It Was Colonized |
|
Roanoke Island (Lost Colony)
|
It was an economic
venture-- the 1st permanent English settlement in North America
was Jamestown Settlement and it was an economic venture by the
Virginia Company |
|
Plymouth Colony |
It was settled by
separatists from the Church of England who wanted to belong to
other churches |
|
Massachusetts Bay Colony
|
This colony was
settled by the Puritans because they wanted to worship as they
pleased |
|
Pennsylvania |
This was settled by
the Quakers, who wanted to have freedom to practice their faith
without interference |
|
Georgia |
This colony was
settled by people who had been in prisons in England. The settlers
hoped to experience a new life in the colony and to experience
economic freedom in the new world. |
Take a 13 Colonies Quiz
here!
Life in the Colonies
|
Region
|
Geography
|
Climate
|
Economy
|
Social Life
|
Political & Civil Life
|
|
New England |
Appalachian
Mts., Boston Harbor, hilly terrain, rocky soil, jagged coastline |
moderate summers, cold
winters |
fishing,
shipbuilding industry & naval supplies, trade & port cities
skilled
craftsman, shopkeepers |
viewed the village and church
as center of life |
had town meetings
|
|
Mid-Atlantic |
Appalachian
Mts., coastal lowlands (harbors & bays, wide & deep rivers), rich
farmlands |
moderate climate
|
livestock and
grain, trading
many people
were unskilled & skilled workers or fisherman |
villages and
cities
people had a
variety of different lifestyles
many
different religions |
had market towns
|
|
South |
Appalachian Mts., Piedmont,
Atlantic Coastal Plain, good harbors, rivers |
humid climate
|
large
farms/plantations, cash crops, wood products, small farms
slavery |
had
plantations, mansions, indentured servants, few cities and few
schools
Church of
England was most popular |
had counties
|
Jobs and Duties
|
Large
Landowners:
lived mostly in the South
relied on indentured servants and/or slaves for labor
were educated in some cases
had rich social culture
|
Farmers:
worked the land according to the region
relied on family members for labor
|
Artisans:
worked as craftsmen in towns and on the plantation
lived in small villages and cities
|
|
Women:
worked as caretakers, house workers, homemakers
could not vote
had few chances for education
|
Indentured
Servants:
consisted of men and women who didn't have enough
money for passage to the colonies and who agreed to work without
pay for the person who paid for their passage
were free at the end of their contract
|
Slaves:
were captured in their native Africa and sold to
slave traders, then were shipped to the colonies when they were
sold into slavery
were owned as property for life with no rights
were often born into slavery (children of slaves were born into
slavery) |
top of page
England's Controlling
Issues
|
Economic Control
England tried to strictly control trade
England taxed the colonies after the French and Indian War
Colonies traded raw materials for goods
|
Political Control
Colonists had to obey English laws that were
made by governors
Colonial governors were appointed by the king or by the proprietor
Colonial legislatures made laws for each colony and were monitored
by colonial governors |
The reasons why colonists and the English Parliament
disagreed over how the colonies should be governed:
Parliament believed it had legal authority in the colonies
Colonists believed their local assemblies had legal authority
Parliament believed it had the right to tax the colonies
Colonists believed they should not be taxed since they had no
representation in Parliament
Why
Tax Us?
1) To help finance the French and Indian War
2) To help pay to keep English troops in the colonies
Signing the Declaration of Independence
|
The American Colonists communicated their feelings with each other and the
king on several occasions and finally decided to declare their
freedom from King George’s rule through a written document called
the Declaration of Independence. Understand that the
Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, states
that authority to govern belongs to the people rather than to
kings and that all people are created equal and have rights to
life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
|
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